General Definition: When a speaker responds to arguments made against their own case and/or extends their partners arguments with some new analysis or examples. See also “Rebuilding“. Public Forum: Not a common phrase in PF, where “Frontlining” is used instead. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general …
General Definition: Direct responses to an opponent’s argument. See also “Clash”. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general definition. Canadian National Debate Format: see general definition.
General Definition: The last two speeches in a Worlds debate. Reply speeches are four minutes in length. In these speeches, POIs are not allowed. Reply speeches should reorganize the debate and make it easier for the judge to make a decision. Public Forum: Not used in PF, where “Final Focus” …
General Definition: The topic or subject offered to debate. Resolutions are written as statements that create clear affirmative and negative ground, or positions. See also “Motion“. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: Resolution is not a common phrase in WSD, where “Motion” is used instead. British Parliamentary: Resolution …
General Definition: A question asked to make a point or get the audience thinking, rather than to get an answer. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general definition. Canadian National Debate Format: see general definition.
General Definition: Speaker- and team-specific tasks that debaters must complete to give a competent speech. Depending on debate style and speaker position, these tasks can include making constructive arguments, refutation, or summarizing key areas of clash and weighing the debate. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general …
General Definition: Who or what is affected by an impact. Scope answers the question, “How many are affected?” Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general definition. Canadian National Debate Format: see general definition.
General Definition: How damaging or harmful an impact is. Public Forum: Not a common phrase in PF, where “Magnitude” is used more often. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general definition. Canadian National Debate Format: see general definition.
General Definition: The use of numbers and letters to organize arguments in the debate. During refutation, signposting also includes referencing your opponent’s arguments before addressing them (e.g. “My opponent’s first argument is _______, but we disagree for three reasons.”) Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general definition. …
General Definition: The specific method or mechanism that will prevent a harm from occurring or resolves that harm through action. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: Not a common phrase in WSD, where “solution” is used instead. British Parliamentary: Not a common phrase in BP, where “solution” is …
General Definition: The person, persons, or organization responsible for writing evidence used in debate. Source analysis includes discussion of their credibility, bias, and epistemology. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: In WSD, sources may only be used for prepared motions and should be used largely to provide examples …
General Definition: A score given to debaters that assesses their style, delivery, and organization for a particular debate. See also “Ballot”. Public Forum: Commonly used. In PF, speaker points typically range from 25 to 30, with 27.5 representing an average speech, 25 representing a failure to engage with the debate …