General Definition: The side supporting the motion in a debate. Public Forum: Proposition is not a common phrase in PF, where “Pro” or “Affirmative” are used instead. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general definition. Canadian National Debate Format: see general definition.
General Definition: The first and last minute of a speech allocated for time when opponents are not allowed to offer POIs i.e. speech time that is protected from POIs. Public Forum: Not used in PF, where “Crossfire” and “Grand Crossfire” are used to ask questions instead. World Schools Debate: In …
General Definition: A practice technique that involves giving a speech a second time, usually after judge or team feedback, to improve persuasiveness, word economy, and strategy. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general definition. Canadian National Debate Format: see general definition.
General Definition: The judge’s analysis of why they voted for the winning team. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general definition. Canadian National Debate Format: see general definition.
General Definition: When a speaker both responds to arguments made against their own case and provides extension, or repetition, of key arguments made by their partner(s) in the previous speech(es). See also “Reconstruction“. Public Forum: Not a common phrase in PF, where “Frontlining” is used instead. World Schools Debate: see …
General Definition: The second speech in a debate round, used to refute an opponent’s arguments and rebuild one’s own. Responses to an opponent’s arguments are also referred to as “rebuttal” regardless of the speech where they appear. Public Forum: In PF, rebuttal speeches are four minutes long and should address …
General Definition: When a speaker responds to arguments made against their own case and/or extends their partners arguments with some new analysis or examples. See also “Rebuilding“. Public Forum: Not a common phrase in PF, where “Frontlining” is used instead. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general …
General Definition: Direct responses to an opponent’s argument. See also “Clash”. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general definition. Canadian National Debate Format: see general definition.
General Definition: The last two speeches in a Worlds debate. Reply speeches are four minutes in length. In these speeches, POIs are not allowed. Reply speeches should reorganize the debate and make it easier for the judge to make a decision. Public Forum: Not used in PF, where “Final Focus” …
General Definition: A question asked to make a point or get the audience thinking, rather than to get an answer. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general definition. Canadian National Debate Format: see general definition.
General Definition: Speaker- and team-specific tasks that debaters must complete to give a competent speech. Depending on debate style and speaker position, these tasks can include making constructive arguments, refutation, or summarizing key areas of clash and weighing the debate. Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general …
General Definition: Who or what is affected by an impact. Scope answers the question, “How many are affected?” Public Forum: see general definition. World Schools Debate: see general definition. British Parliamentary: see general definition. Canadian National Debate Format: see general definition.